Subcutaneous Implantable Defibrillator (S-ICD)

Subcutaneous Implantable Defibrillator

An S-ICD is a battery-powered device designed to monitor and correct dangerous heart rhythms. Unlike traditional ICDs, which have wires that go into the heart through veins, an S-ICD is implanted under the skin or between muscle layers with a single lead that runs along the chest wall.

This device is used to prevent sudden cardiac death in people at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias, such as ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. When it detects a dangerously fast rhythm, it delivers a shock to restore a normal heartbeat.

S-ICDs are especially useful for people who:

  • Have had infections from previous ICDs.
  • Have difficult vein anatomy.
  • Are younger or more active and may benefit from a less invasive system. 

What happens after the procedure?

You will be monitored in recovery as the anaesthetic wears off. You will often go home the next day but you will need someone to drive you home.

After the procedure

  • Avoid driving for at least two weeks.
  • Limit arm movement on the side of the implant to allow healing.
  • Attend follow-up appointments to check the device and battery.

You will also receive a device ID card and instructions for living with an S-ICD, including how to handle airport security and medical imaging.

How is the procedure done?

  • A canula or drip will be placed in your arm to deliver medications.
  • You will receive antibiotics to reduce the risk of infection.
  • You may be given a sedative, local anaesthetic, or general anaesthetic depending on your needs.

 

Your cardiologist will make two or three small incisions—typically on the left side of your chest and near your breastbone. The pulse generator (battery) is placed under the skin near your rib cage, and the lead is tunnelled under the skin to the chest.

Using X-ray imaging, your doctor will position the lead and test the system by briefly inducing an abnormal rhythm and confirming the device responds correctly. Once everything is working, the incisions are closed with dissolving stitches.

What are the risks?

  • Bruising or bleeding at the implant site

Less common risks

  • Infection in the device pocket
  • Movement or dislodgement of the lead
  • Unintended shocks from the device
  • Punctured lung (pneumothorax)- rare.
  • Lead fracture or battery malfunction.
  • Blood clots in the lungs (pulmonary embolism)
  • Heart attack or stroke – rare
  • Death, though this is extremely rare.

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